Baroque music: 17th century in France

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Jun 20th 2012 21:06
In France, the baroque music started with the Air de cour during the reign of Louix XIII. The king enjoyed arts, and at this period, Versailles was a little castle with a hudge hunt-ground. The King went here with musicians and artists to amuse himself. There was no women here.
The composers of Airs de cour were Etienne Moulinié, Pierre Guédron, Antoine Boësset...
An Air de Cour is a little vocal song accompaned on luth.

In the beginning of the 17th century, french peoples didn't appreciate the Italian style of music.
The French music is based on the danse. A French baroque piece has got the name of a dance. For example: Passacaille, Gavotte, Menuet, Chaconne... It's the case of the instrumental pieces.
It's important because the name of the dance inform the musician about the way of playing the piece.

The King Louis XIV changed Versailles and took the royal court in the new castle.
Robert Cambert was one of first musicians to compose a French Opéra. He composed Pomone in 1671.
Jean-Babptiste Lully arrived from Italy and charmed the King, he became the most important musician of the court.
Louis XIV himself loved dance and music, and he could dancing very well.
First, with the playwright Molière, he composed Comédies-ballets. A Comédie-ballet is a mixed of Opéra and ballet dancing.
Then, With the librettist Philippe Quinault, Lully invented the Tragédie Lyrique (Lyric Tragedy), like Thésée, Atys, Armide... It was a great succes.
A Tragédie Lyrique is a French Opréra about mythologic and tragic subjects. It's influenced by the Greek tragedies.

Concerning the French religious music during the 17th century, the most important genre was the motet and particulary the Grand Motet, which appeared in 1664 with the Miserere Mei Deus by Lully. We can name Henry Du Mont, Marc-Antoine Charpentier, Michel-Richard Delalande...