Japanese linguists are also unlikely to know it. [自発]

PUBLIC_FLAG_#{@journal.pf_int} RSS feed of satoshi's latest journal entries Jun 19th 2011 00:26 Japanese_language 自動詞 「れる/られる」 自発

A book said that most learners of Japanese, even as well as some (non-native) Japanese linguists, did not often know about one of the usages of verbs, 自発 (jihatu; spontaneous). However, the book was a little (considerably?) old; it was published in 1971. I do not know the current situation. I hope it has changed. Because 自発 is not an old usage, but a very basic one. (Every schoolchild learns it.)

Ex:
彼は正しいと思われる。(Word for word: It is thought that he is right.)
This “is thought” is a typical れる/られる that you well know. It has several meanings.

Passive voice: It is thought by me that ... = I think that.
Possibility: One can/may think that ...
Honorific: In this sentence, “he” is the object of the honor.
自発: I, without any control of humans, think that ... (I do not know how to translate it.)

To tell the truth, the core and original meaning of れる/られる is 自発. Passive, possibility and honorific derived from 自発. It is similar to or the same as “middle voice” in Greek, Latin, Sanskrit, etc.

See also:
http://lang-8.com/satoshi/journals/828534/ (田中先生は,ロシア語が分かる。 v. ロシア語を分かる。)
http://lang-8.com/satoshi/journals/993018/ (Why “あなたのコップは事故で割られました。” is wrong?)
Jun 19th 2011 02:25 Exis Night

  • A book said that most learners of Japanese, even as well as Japanese linguists (of non-natives), did not often know about one of the usages of verbs, 自発 (jihatu; spontaneous).
  • A book said that most learners of Japanese, even some non-native Japanese linguists, did not often know about one of the usages of verbs, 自発 (jihatu; spontaneous).

 

  • However, the book was a little (considerably?) old, in 1971.
  • However, the book was a little (considerably?) old [either works]; it was published in 1971.

 

  • I do not know the latest situation.
  • I do not know the current situation.

 

  • (Every schoolchild learns it.)
  • (Every schoolchild learn it.)

 

  • This “is thought” is a typical れる/られる that you well know.
  • This “is thought” is the typical れる/られる that you well know.

 

  • Honorific: In this sentence, he is the object of the honor.
  • Honorific: In this sentence, "he" is the object of the honor.

 
This spontaneous verb is something I learned about early in my studies. The impression I got was that it was so nigh-impossible to use correctly outside of context that it was best to put it out of mind and hope that, through enough incidental exposure, you'll get the "feel" for it.

Yeah... pretty discouraging, that.
Jun 19th 2011 08:45 satoshi
thanks.
satoshi
  • Japanese
  • English, Other language

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